Newsletter XXXI 2021

13. to 18. July

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July 18, 2021 - War is big business

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Risk of erosion during floods

July 17, 2021 - Nuclear power plant built on sand and gravel

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IMHO

July 16, 2021 - Trinity - 76 years ago today, the first atomic bomb test ushered humanity into a new era.

Out of the justified fear of a German uranium bomb, scientists in America first developed the plutonium and uranium bombs, then also the hydrogen and neutron bombs. Why? Because they could.

Therefore, today is an important day of remembrance. Probably tomorrow as well, and the day after tomorrow anyway, because meanwhile the question arises: Is there a single day in the calendar on which an atom bomb was not detonated somewhere?

Since 1945 there have been over 2050 atomic bomb explosions worldwide and each time more or less large amounts of radioactive radiation have been released.

The so-called civil use of nuclear energy and the associated uranium industry release a completely unknown amount of radioactive radiation every day. This man-made radiation differs from the naturally occurring, relatively weak radioactive radiation that reaches us from the interior of the earth or from the stars; this artificial Radioactivity is highly potent and concentrated, so to speak "extra spicy" ...

Radioactivity has been known since 1898, but interestingly, it is still poorly understood. Scientists can seem to research it forever, discuss it endlessly and yet come to very different results.

Another, as yet unanswered question is: Why is there a statistically verifiable higher cancer rate wherever there are potential sources of artificial radioactivity in the vicinity, even though the measured radioactivity does not seem to be high enough?

On July 16, 1945, humanity first used a weapon of mass destruction that has the potential and thus gives us the opportunity to destroy ourselves and all life on this planet.

We have a choice ...

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Symbols, rituals or atomic priesthood

July 16, 2021 - How we could inform posterity about our nuclear waste

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July 16, 2021 - Austria ignites the expansion turbo for green electricity

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July 15, 2021 - EURATOM - The European "Basic Law" for the expansion of nuclear power

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Comment from Gregor Honsel:

July 14, 2021 - How Altmaier uses electricity forecasts as a political bargaining chip

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Nuclear power plant costs are rising faster and faster

July 14, 2021 - Solar power is said to be cheaper than nuclear power in Japan

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July 13, 2021 - Of fissures and concepts - current research on crystalline as host rock for a repository

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July 13, 2021 - Two incidents at the Cattenom nuclear power plant

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July 13, 2021 - Atomic Energy Organization builds anti-nuclear terrorism training camp

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Current news+	Background knowledge

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News+ July 13, 2021

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Nuclear test site in Kazakhstan

Where the Cold War is still claiming victims

The nuclear weapons are gone, the legacy remains: In Kazakhstan, the Soviet Union's former nuclear test site has left scars on the environment as well as on people and animals.

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Current news+	Background knowledge

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Background knowledge

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reaktorpleite.de

Map of the nuclear world:

Examples of shining legacies in and around Kazakhstan ...

The German version of this world map:

https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=1fCmKdqlqSCNPo3We1TWZexPjgNDQOaLD

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The search in the reaktorpleite.de with the search term 

brought the following results, among others:

October 29, 2019 - Radioactive Glacial Dust - Cryoconite holds a radiant secret

Dagmar Röhrlich / Deutschlandfunk.de

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AtomkraftwerkePlag

Nuclear tests

According to statista.com, there were a total of 1945 nuclear tests from 2016 to January 2.056, many of which the nuclear powers also carried out outside their current national territory.

The Bikini Atoll achieved sad fame, which was so heavily contaminated between 1946 and 1958 that the inhabitants lost their homes forever.

Above-ground nuclear tests alone in the 1950s and 1960s released four tons of plutonium, which were distributed all over the world ...

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Wikipedia

Nuclear weapons test

A nuclear weapon test (also known as a nuclear weapon test or nuclear weapon test) is the detonation of a nuclear explosive device for test purposes, primarily to measure and document the strength and effects of a nuclear weapon explosion. The first successful test of a country is also proof that a country is capable of building an atomic bomb or that it is a nuclear power.

Almost 2100 nuclear weapons tests were carried out worldwide, some of them above ground in the atmosphere. It is believed that the radioactivity released in these tests resulted in approximately 300.000 deaths worldwide.

Test locations

For safety reasons (danger from the pressure wave and especially from the radioactive fallout), nuclear weapons tests can only take place in large-scale cordoned off military test areas, such as the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in Nevada (over 1000 tests). Various remote islands or atolls as well as unpopulated desert areas were also used for test purposes:

the Aleutian island of Amchitka,
Mururoa Atoll, Fangataufa in French Polynesia (the first of 2 French tests in the Pacific took place here on July 1966, 194 under the code name "Aldebaran"),
Kiritimati (United Kingdom),
the Bikini Atoll (the second American test atomic bomb fell here on June 30, 1946 under the code name "Gilda"), as well as
the Eniwetok Atoll (USA) and
Novaya Zemlya (Soviet Union) in the Arctic Ocean.
Pokhran in the Thar Desert (India)
Ras Koh Hills, Chagai District in the Charan Desert (Pakistan)

There were also numerous tests in populated areas:

In 1960/61, France carried out four above-ground nuclear weapons tests in a populated area in the Algerian Sahara near Reggane. Up to 30.000 people suffered damage as a result.

Great Britain undertook nuclear weapon tests in the 1950s at the Montebello Islands off the Australian west coast, at Christmas Island near Java as well as at Emu Field and in Maralinga in the Australian desert.
Until 1996, China carried out a total of 45 tests at the Lop Nor nuclear weapons test site (east of Lake Bosten in the Uyghur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang), including 23 above-ground tests (most recently on October 16, 1980), according to an analysis by a Japanese scientist, who died as a result of the Chinese tests to 190.000 people.
the Soviet Union at the Semipalatinsk nuclear weapons test site near the city of Semipalatinsk in Kazakhstan

The radioactive fallout not only fell on the test areas, it was also spread around the world: the nuclear weapons tests of the 20th century measurably increased radiation exposure worldwide, and many individual tests can be traced in today's measurement data. Nuclear weapons tests were also carried out underwater, in the high atmosphere and in space (Starfish Prime). For this purpose, some rockets were launched from Johnston Atoll between 1958 and 1962 ...

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YouTube channel "Reaktorpleite"

Moving images on the topic:

Atomic bomb tests in Kazakhstan 1949-1989

An Production ...

Playlist - radioactivity worldwide ...

This playlist contains over 120 videos on the topic

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Further to: Newspaper article 2021

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Current news+	Background knowledge

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